Tinker Tools

Unix Timestamp Converter

Convert epoch time to human-readable dates instantly.

Current Unix Timestamp

1771906256

Live Clock Active

Tuesday, February 24, 2026

1:10:56 PM (Local)

Supports seconds, ms (13 digits), μs (16 digits), and ns (19 digits).

Local Time

Tue, Feb 24, 2026, 01:10:56 PM GMT+9

UTC Time

Tue, 24 Feb 2026 04:10:56 GMT

Relative

just now

ISO 8601

2026-02-24T04:10:56.000Z

Understanding Unix Timestamps

Unix time (also known as POSIX time or Epoch time) is a system for tracking time intervals. It counts the number of seconds that have elapsed since the Unix epoch: 00:00:00 UTC on January 1, 1970, excluding leap seconds. This standard is fundamental to computer systems worldwide, providing a simple, universal way to represent time that's independent of timezones and calendar complications.

Unix timestamps are stored as signed integers. Originally, 32-bit systems could represent dates from 1901 to 2038, leading to the "Year 2038 problem" where the counter overflows. Modern 64-bit systems solve this, capable of representing dates far into the future— approximately 292 billion years from now. Timestamps can also include higher precision: milliseconds (13 digits), microseconds (16 digits), or nanoseconds (19 digits).

The simplicity of Unix time makes it ideal for calculations, comparisons, and storage. Database systems, programming languages, and APIs universally support it. However, for human readability, timestamps must be converted to formatted dates with timezone awareness, which is exactly what this tool provides—instant, accurate conversions between Unix time and human-readable formats.

How it Works

1

Input your value

Enter a Unix timestamp (seconds, milliseconds, etc.) or select a date and time to convert to Unix format.

2

Automatic Detection

The tool automatically detects timestamp precision (seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, or nanoseconds) and converts accordingly.

3

Get Multiple Formats

View results in local time, UTC, ISO 8601, and relative format (e.g., '2 hours ago'). Copy any format with one click.

What Is a Unix Timestamp?

A Unix timestamp is the number of seconds that have elapsed since January 1, 1970, at 00:00:00 UTC — a moment known as the Unix epoch. Right now, the current Unix timestamp is somewhere around 1.77 billion and climbing by one every second. This single integer encodes a precise moment in time without any ambiguity about time zones, daylight saving, or calendar formatting. The timestamp 1704067200 means January 1, 2024, 00:00:00 UTC regardless of whether you read it in New York, Tokyo, or London. That simplicity is why Unix timestamps became the standard way to represent time in programming, databases, APIs, and log files.

The original Unix timestamp was stored as a signed 32-bit integer, giving a range from December 13, 1901, to January 19, 2038. That upper limit — 2,147,483,647 seconds past the epoch — is the Y2K38 problem, often called the Year 2038 bug. When a 32-bit signed integer overflows, it wraps to a large negative number, which translates to a date in December 1901. Systems still running 32-bit time counters will experience this overflow on January 19, 2038, at 03:14:07 UTC. Most modern operating systems and programming languages have moved to 64-bit timestamps, which pushes the overflow date about 292 billion years into the future — well past the expected lifetime of the Sun.

Many modern systems use millisecond timestamps instead of second timestamps. JavaScript's Date.now() returns milliseconds since the epoch — a 13-digit number like 1704067200000 instead of the 10-digit second-based equivalent. Java's System.currentTimeMillis() does the same. This gives you sub-second precision without floating-point math. Some systems go even further: Go's time.Now().UnixNano() returns nanoseconds, and PostgreSQL's timestamp type stores microseconds internally. When working with timestamps from different sources, always check whether you are dealing with seconds, milliseconds, or microseconds. Mixing them up — treating a millisecond timestamp as seconds or vice versa — is one of the most common time-related bugs in software.

Key Features of This Timestamp Converter

  • Bidirectional Conversion Convert Unix timestamps to human-readable dates and human-readable dates back to Unix timestamps. Enter 1704067200 and see January 1, 2024, 00:00:00 UTC. Enter a date and time in any common format and get the corresponding timestamp. The converter handles both seconds and milliseconds — it auto-detects based on the number of digits. A 10-digit number is treated as seconds, a 13-digit number as milliseconds.
  • Live Clock with Current Timestamp A real-time display shows the current Unix timestamp ticking upward every second. This is handy when you need the exact current timestamp for a script, an API call, or a database query. No need to open a terminal and type date +%s or fire up a Node.js REPL for Date.now(). The live clock also shows the current time in UTC and your local time zone side by side.
  • Time Zone Awareness Unix timestamps are always UTC. But the human-readable date depends on your time zone. A timestamp of 1704067200 is January 1, 2024, at midnight in UTC, but December 31, 2023, at 7:00 PM in Eastern Time (UTC-5). The converter shows both the UTC interpretation and your local time zone interpretation for every timestamp. You can also select any time zone from the IANA database — America/New_York, Asia/Tokyo, Europe/Berlin — to see the timestamp in that zone.
  • ISO 8601 Formatting ISO 8601 is the international standard for date and time representation: 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z for UTC, or 2024-01-01T00:00:00+09:00 for a time zone offset of +9 hours. The converter generates ISO 8601 strings from timestamps and parses them back. This format is unambiguous, sorts lexicographically, and is the preferred format for JSON APIs, XML documents, and log files. The Z suffix explicitly marks UTC, eliminating guessing about which time zone a date refers to.
  • Relative Time Display See how far a timestamp is from the current moment — 3 days ago, 2 hours from now, 6 months ago. This relative display helps you quickly understand whether a timestamp in a log file is recent or stale, without mentally calculating the difference between two large integers. For timestamps within the last hour, the display shows minutes and seconds. For older timestamps, it switches to hours, days, or months for readability.
  • Date Arithmetic Add or subtract seconds, minutes, hours, days, or weeks from a timestamp. This is useful for calculating expiration times — an API token that expires in 24 hours, a cache entry that lives for 3600 seconds, a session that times out after 30 minutes. The tool shows both the resulting timestamp and the human-readable date, so you can verify the math immediately.

How to Convert Unix Timestamps

  1. 1

    Enter a Timestamp or a Date

    Paste a Unix timestamp into the input field. The tool accepts seconds (10 digits, like 1704067200), milliseconds (13 digits, like 1704067200000), and microseconds (16 digits, like 1704067200000000). It also accepts human-readable dates in most common formats: 2024-01-01, January 1 2024, 01/01/2024, 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z. If you enter a date without a time, midnight (00:00:00) is assumed. If you enter a date without a time zone, your local time zone is used — which is a common source of off-by-one-day errors when your local zone is behind UTC.

  2. 2

    Check the Conversion Results

    The tool displays the converted result in multiple formats simultaneously: the Unix timestamp in seconds and milliseconds, the ISO 8601 string, the date and time in UTC, and the date and time in your local time zone. Compare these to verify you have the right moment. A common mistake is entering a local time and expecting a UTC timestamp — or the reverse. The side-by-side display makes this discrepancy obvious. Pay attention to the UTC offset shown next to your local time zone interpretation.

  3. 3

    Adjust the Time Zone If Needed

    If you need to see the timestamp in a specific time zone — say, your server runs in UTC but your users are in Asia/Tokyo — select the target zone from the dropdown. The converter uses the Intl.DateTimeFormat API with IANA time zone names, which handles daylight saving transitions correctly. Tokyo does not observe daylight saving time, so its offset is always +09:00. New York switches between -05:00 (EST) and -04:00 (EDT). The tool accounts for these transitions automatically based on the date of the timestamp.

  4. 4

    Perform Date Arithmetic

    If you need a timestamp for 24 hours from now — say, for setting a token expiration — enter the current timestamp and add 86400 seconds (24 x 60 x 60). Or use the arithmetic controls to add 1 day directly. The tool handles month and year boundaries correctly: adding 1 day to January 31 gives you February 1, not an invalid date. For recurring intervals, you can chain additions — start from a base timestamp and add your interval repeatedly to generate a series of future timestamps.

  5. 5

    Copy the Result in Your Preferred Format

    Copy the output you need: the raw timestamp for database queries and API calls, the ISO 8601 string for log files and configuration, or the formatted date string for user-facing displays. Most REST APIs expect timestamps as integers (seconds or milliseconds) in JSON bodies, while GraphQL APIs often use ISO 8601 strings for DateTime scalars. Database systems vary — PostgreSQL's to_timestamp() takes seconds, MySQL's FROM_UNIXTIME() takes seconds, and MongoDB stores dates internally as millisecond timestamps. Match the format to your target system.

Expert Tips for Working with Timestamps

Always store timestamps in UTC. Always. Convert to local time zones only at the moment of display. This is the single most important rule in time-handling code, and violating it is the source of an enormous number of bugs. When you store a timestamp as 'March 10, 2024, 2:30 AM Eastern Time,' you have a problem: does that mean EST or EDT? On the night of the spring-forward transition, 2:30 AM Eastern does not exist — clocks jump from 1:59 AM directly to 3:00 AM. A UTC timestamp eliminates this ambiguity entirely. Store Unix timestamps or ISO 8601 strings with the Z suffix. Convert to the user's local zone using Intl.DateTimeFormat in JavaScript or equivalent libraries in your backend language.

Be aware of leap seconds when working with high-precision timestamps. UTC occasionally inserts a leap second to keep atomic time aligned with Earth's rotation — the last one was on December 31, 2016. During a leap second, the time 23:59:60 exists, which most software does not handle. Unix timestamps work around this by using a technique called leap second smearing — spreading the extra second across a longer period so that each second is slightly longer or shorter than a true SI second. Google and AWS both use 24-hour linear smearing, which means their clocks differ from true UTC by up to 0.5 milliseconds during a smear period. For most applications this is irrelevant. For high-frequency trading or scientific measurement, it matters.

JavaScript's Date object has quirks you need to know. new Date('2024-01-01') parses the string as UTC because it matches the ISO 8601 date-only format. But new Date('2024/01/01') or new Date('January 1, 2024') parses the string as local time. This inconsistency causes bugs when the same code runs in different time zones. The safest approach is to always use Date.now() for the current time, new Date(timestamp) with a numeric timestamp for specific moments, and a library like date-fns or Temporal (the upcoming JavaScript built-in) for parsing date strings. Avoid the Date constructor with string arguments in production code — the parsing behavior varies between browsers and is not fully standardized.

The Y2K38 problem is not hypothetical. Embedded systems, IoT devices, and legacy databases using 32-bit time values will overflow on January 19, 2038. Linux kernel patches have addressed this for 64-bit systems, but 32-bit ARM processors — common in embedded devices — are still at risk. If you are designing a system today that might run for 15+ years, test it with timestamps beyond 2038. In your converter, try entering 2147483648 (one second past the overflow) and verify your code handles it correctly. MySQL's TIMESTAMP type is stored as a 32-bit integer and will overflow in 2038 — use DATETIME instead, which stores the date as a string internally and supports dates up to 9999-12-31. PostgreSQL's timestamp type uses a 64-bit integer internally and is not affected.

Related Tools

Timestamps are the backbone of event ordering, caching, scheduling, and debugging in software systems. The time zone converter bridges the gap between UTC storage and local-time display. The JSON formatter helps you locate and inspect timestamp fields buried in API responses. And the UUID generator creates identifiers that carry their own creation timestamps, reducing the number of fields you need to store and index. These tools form a practical toolkit for any developer working with time-sensitive data.

Frequently Asked Questions

Timestamp Precision Reference

FormatDigitsPrecisionExample
Seconds101 second1706630400
Milliseconds131/1,000 sec1706630400000
Microseconds161/1,000,000 sec1706630400000000
Nanoseconds191/1,000,000,000 sec1706630400000000000

Common Use Cases

API Development

Use Unix timestamps in API responses for universal compatibility. Clients can convert to their local timezone without server-side complexity.

Log Analysis

Server logs with Unix timestamps enable easy sorting, filtering, and time difference calculations across different systems.

Event Tracking

Track user actions, system events, and metrics with precise timestamps for analytics and debugging purposes.

Database Storage

Store creation and modification times as Unix timestamps for efficient querying, sorting, and minimal storage overhead.

Data Synchronization

Compare timestamps across distributed systems to determine which data is newer and resolve conflicts in sync protocols.

Expiration Times

Set expiration timestamps for tokens, sessions, caches, and temporary data. Simple numeric comparisons determine validity.

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