What is a Markdown Viewer?
Markdown is a lightweight markup language created by John Gruber and Aaron Swartz in 2004. The original idea was straightforward: write plain text with simple punctuation-based formatting that reads naturally as-is and converts cleanly to HTML. A Markdown viewer takes that plain text, parses it according to a specification, and renders the result as styled HTML in real time. You type a heading with a # prefix, wrap a word in asterisks for emphasis, indent four spaces for a code block, and the viewer shows you exactly how it will look when published. No switching between edit mode and preview mode in separate applications -- you see both at once.
The original Markdown spec left many edge cases undefined. What happens when you nest a blockquote inside a list? How should blank lines interact with indented code blocks? Different parsers handled these situations differently, which led to inconsistent rendering across platforms. The CommonMark specification -- first released in 2014 and actively maintained since -- exists to solve this problem. CommonMark defines precise rules for every ambiguous case, backed by over 600 test examples. When a Markdown viewer claims CommonMark compliance, you know that a document rendering correctly in that viewer will render identically in any other CommonMark-compliant tool. GitHub, GitLab, Reddit, and Stack Overflow all use parsers based on or influenced by CommonMark.
A Markdown viewer is not just a convenience tool for writers. Developers use it daily to preview README files, documentation pages, changelogs, and pull request descriptions before committing them. Technical writers use it to draft content that will eventually live in static site generators like Hugo, Jekyll, or Astro. The viewer bridges the gap between raw text and final presentation, catching formatting mistakes -- broken links, misaligned tables, unclosed code fences -- before anyone else sees them.